Chimie Théorique » QMX

# Copyright (C) 2010, Jesper Friis

# (see accompanying license files for details).

"""

A module for ASE for simple creation of crystalline structures from

knowledge of the space group.

"""

import numpy as np

import ase

from ase.atoms import string2symbols

from spacegroup import Spacegroup

from cell import cellpar_to_cell

__all__ = ['crystal']

def crystal(symbols=None, basis=None, spacegroup=1, setting=1,

            cell=None, cellpar=None,

            ab_normal=(0,0,1), a_direction=None, size=(1,1,1),

            ondublicates='warn', symprec=0.001,

            pbc=True, **kwargs):

    """Create an Atoms instance for a conventional unit cell of a

    space group.

    Parameters:

    symbols : string | sequence of strings

        Either a string formula or a sequence of element

        symbols. E.g. ('Na', 'Cl') and 'NaCl' are equivalent.

    basis : list of scaled coordinates | atoms instance

        Positions of the non-equivalent sites given either as

        scaled positions or through an atoms instance.

    spacegroup : int | string | Spacegroup instance

        Space group given either as its number in International Tables

        or as its Hermann-Mauguin symbol.

    setting : 1 | 2

        Space group setting.

    cell : 3x3 matrix

        Unit cell vectors.

    cellpar : [a, b, c, alpha, beta, gamma]

        Cell parameters with angles in degree. Is not used when `cell`

        is given.

    ab_normal : vector

        Is used to define the orientation of the unit cell relative

        to the Cartesian system when `cell` is not given. It is the

        normal vector of the plane spanned by a and b.

    a_direction : vector

        Defines the orientation of the unit cell a vector. a will be

        parallel to the projection of `a_direction` onto the a-b plane.

    size : 3 positive integers

        How many times the conventional unit cell should be repeated

        in each direction.

    ondublicates : 'keep' | 'replace' | 'warn' | 'error'

        Action if `basis` contain symmetry-equivalent positions:

            'keep'    - ignore additional symmetry-equivalent positions

            'replace' - reolace

            'warn'    - like 'keep', but issue an UserWarning

            'error'   - raises a SpacegroupValueError

    symprec : float

        Minimum "distance" betweed two sites in scaled coordinates

        before they are counted as the same site.

    pbc : one or three bools

        Periodic boundary conditions flags.  Examples: True,

        False, 0, 1, (1, 1, 0), (True, False, False).  Default

        is True.

    Keyword arguments:

    All additional keyword arguments are passed on to the Atoms constructor.

    Currently, probably the most useful additional keyword arguments are

    `constraint` and `calculator`.

    Examples:

    Two diamond unit cells (space group number 227)

    >>> diamond = crystal('C', [(0,0,0)], spacegroup=227,

    ...     cellpar=[3.57, 3.57, 3.57, 90, 90, 90], size=(2,1,1))

    >>> ase.view(diamond)  # doctest: +SKIP

    A CoSb3 skutterudite unit cell containing 32 atoms

    >>> skutterudite = crystal(('Co', 'Sb'),

    ...     basis=[(0.25,0.25,0.25), (0.0, 0.335, 0.158)],

    ...     spacegroup=204, cellpar=[9.04, 9.04, 9.04, 90, 90, 90])

    >>> len(skutterudite)

    32

    """

    sg = Spacegroup(spacegroup, setting)

    if isinstance(symbols, ase.Atoms):

        basis = symbols

        symbols = basis.get_chemical_symbols()

    if isinstance(basis, ase.Atoms):

        basis_coords = basis.get_scaled_positions()

        if cell is None and cellpar is None:

            cell = basis.cell

        if symbols is None:

            symbols = basis.get_chemical_symbols()

    else:

        basis_coords = np.array(basis, dtype=float, copy=False, ndmin=2)

    sites, kinds = sg.equivalent_sites(basis_coords,

                                       ondublicates=ondublicates,

                                       symprec=symprec)

    symbols = parse_symbols(symbols)

    symbols = [symbols[i] for i in kinds]

    if cell is None:

        cell = cellpar_to_cell(cellpar, ab_normal, a_direction)

    atoms = ase.Atoms(symbols,

                      scaled_positions=sites,

                      cell=cell,

                      pbc=pbc,

                      **kwargs)

    if isinstance(basis, ase.Atoms):

        for name in basis.arrays:

            if not atoms.has(name):

                array = basis.get_array(name)

                atoms.new_array(name, [array[i] for i in kinds],

                                dtype=array.dtype, shape=array.shape[1:])

    if size != (1, 1, 1):

        atoms = atoms.repeat(size)

    return atoms

def parse_symbols(symbols):

    """Return `sumbols` as a sequence of element symbols."""

    if isinstance(symbols, basestring):

        symbols = string2symbols(symbols)

    return symbols

#-----------------------------------------------------------------

# Self test

if __name__ == '__main__':

    import doctest

    print 'doctest: ', doctest.testmod()