Notes-graz
Version 1 (Samantha Saidi, 06/12/2016 11:10) → Version 2/6 (Samantha Saidi, 01/03/2017 11:35)
h1. Notes prises aux journées _Digital Scholarly Editions as Interfaces_
Sept. 23-24, in the Center for Information Modelling - Austrian Center for DH at the university of Graz; endorsed by the DiXiT network
Sam Saïdi - notes
h2. 9.30 Dot Porter, University of Pennsylvania
What is an Edition anyway? A critical examination of Digital Editions since 2002
If one picture is worth a thousand words, an interface is worth a thousand pictures
She thinks about the user, and wants to come back to this primary question "What is an edition anyway?"
she has looked up the definition "e.di.tion" in google which says :
- a particular version of a text
- a binding of different text
Right, not so interesting she says. As a medievalist she can give more complex definition of the term. She will show us different manifestations of textuality and digital editions :
A first illustration: the The Bankes Papyrus (British Museum Papyrus 114 [2nd c. CE]), columns 1-3. Via the Homer Multitext Project. (P. Lond. Lit. 28). : https://sarahemilybond.files.wordpress.com/2014/10/114_1-1.jpg
A second example: Dante Commedia edited by Prue Shaw : http://www.sd-editions.com/AnaAdditional/CommediaEx/CommediaExhome.html
The main page provides us with a beautiful illustration and the essential informations pointers / the main menu (Image/text - Title Page - Intro - Word Collation - Help - VBase)
Then if we look at a sample of the image/text visualisation (http://www.sd-editions.com/AnaServer?commedia+0+start.anv+stype=textimage), we have the facsimile on the left, and the transcription on the right .. and as she says a very usefull dropdown menu in the middle (from top) : the "Editorial Material" a sort of index of the content.
Dot Porter cares about the opinion of users when using digital scholarly editions (DSE), especially the attitude of medievalists toward DSE.
Thanks to her background in anglo-saxon litterature, she knows medieval texts and she has daily opportunities to speak with a lot with medievalists about their approach towards Digital ressources and towards DSE.
Her first 2 surveys that were of great use to her, very helpfull :
- First survey : mail to a hundred people
In the first survey she learned that users were using the DSE only if the print version was not available
- Second survey : mail to 150, and use of large lists (Early English Text Society : http://users.ox.ac.uk/~eets/ )
A (third?) new survey concentrated on the question "What is a DE?" and using the Sahle's distinction between a digitized edition and a digital edition (see also E. Pierazzo)
Users Answers "I use More time than I can count" :
Print editions : 78 %
Digitzed editions : 77%
Digital editions : 40%
Questions arise from these results :
Are we creating DE that people are using ?
Does it matter?
If I use it for my research does it matter that other people don't relly use it?
And, again, still the same question : What is an edition?
On the basic level : flowding text
She shows the exemple of The Schoenberg institute for manuscript studies : https://schoenberginstitute.org/
And a citation by Christopher Flüeler :
"Can the publication of a digital manuscript on the internet be understood as an edition?
Further: could such an edition even be regarded as a critical edition?"
Digital Manuscript as Critical Edition
https://schoenberginstitute.org/2015/06/30/digital-manuscripts-as-critical-edition/
Dot Porter speaks about her experience at the Penn University Library, Open Library Upenn / The Online Books Page (2 millions free books on the web!) : http://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/
And she reminds us that one of the most asked features for the open library is a PDF version of each text !
Modelising manuscript illustrated VisColl on github : https://github.com/leoba/VisColl
E-Codices http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/fr
iiif.io : http://iiif.io/
iiif API to make edition of groups of manuscript from everywhere / System for viewing edition
Then she reveal her Tshirt and a diap with this statement : "Data over Interface" (which will bring a lot of commentaries and debates during the symposium)
This collaboration: the Designer is the one that is often missing, when he's the specialist for the visual communication.
h2. *Session 1: Readability, Reliability, Navigation*
h3. 11.00 Eugene W. Lyman, Independent Scholar
Digital Scholarly Editions and the Affordances of Reliability
Eugene W. Lyman speaks of 2 types of affordances :
presentation affordances
affordances for expertise
He makes us compare 2 magnifiers on the screen :
the magnifier on the left is bad compare to the one on the right
the one on the right is more accurate
Indeed, on the left : the schematic round magnifier glass realism works against its use as you can't see the zone you’re magnifing. The magnifier hides it.
Whereas, the magnifier on the right works very well (winchester project that have that magnifier, you can use it here for instance : http://www.maloryproject.com/image_viewer.php?gallery=Winchester&image_id=11&pos=11 ) : make seeing much easier because we know the zone we’re looking at !
Designing interface that are at once stable and flexible stimulation as well as clear, is one of the 2 most demanding tasks (in both sense of demanding)
E. W. Lyman started a work on interface 10 years earlier, but there were other pb at that time than concentrating on the Interface :
Of course the TEI was absolutly necessary, but it did have an impact, like on people like Susan Hockey https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Susan_Hockey (speach : standing up for TEI, it got pbs but, we need it)
She sees things as small steps, say that TEI does what you want to do. There are positive sides to this kind of speeches, but no sense of dialog at all.
The MLA committee has a clear view of what a SE (scholarly edition) should do ... and having a sense of what they should do, can be a good idea
Indeed the MLA makes a very genral statament on reliability : "SE should be reliable".
So the SE’s basic task is to present a reliable text. According to the MLA, reliability is established by :
certification,
adequacy
appropriateness
consistency
explicitness
Accuracy, with repsect to texts, adequacy and appropriaeness with respect to documenting editorial principles and practices, consistency and explicitness with respect to methods
We provide all the evidences thanks to collation, (may or may not be representative of everything)
E. W. Lyman says : If DEs (Digital Editions) are not more reliable than PEs (Printed Editions), then don’t use them !
DEs can be made more reliable than PEs: if it is not the case, there is no reason tho use them.
Steadiness is really important.
How does or how can DEs be made more reliable?
I was talking earlier of 2 types of affordances :
- presentation affordances
- affordances for expertise
Here is a citation by http://www.biography.com/people/douglas-c-engelbart-9287574#early-life-and-career :
"Increasing the effectiveness of the individual’s use of his basic capabilities is a problem
in redesigning the changeable parts of a system…To redesign a structure, we must
learn as much as we can of what is known about the basic materials and components
as they are utilized within the structure; beyond that we must learn how to view, to
measure, to analyze, and to evaluate in terms of the functional whole and its purpose."
Douglas C Engelbart (Augmenting Human Intellect 1962)
http://www.1962paper.org/web.html
If you think of Editions, programs, handling of the users, we have to pay attention to the he users.
William James The principles of psychology 1890
https://archive.org/details/theprinciplesofp01jameuoft
If you need to concentrate, you need some help to concentrate in the interface you're using... But too much simplifications in an Interface will also block the user who won't be able to rearange things on the page.
The visual concentraction, is something which is difficult to maintain : you shouldn’t be distracted by the scrolling down and up, and by the panelling effect.
E. W. Lyman gives us a demonstration
A desktop software where he got 97 % of the work he needed done = very good interface, with all the main features needed for comparing facsimile / transcription (line by line, with the highlight functionality), etc.
Questions from public :
If a DE is not more reliable, why do we do it?
E. W. Lyman: the power of the huge accessibility, makes reliability somewhat not so important,
We can archive something more important than doing reliable DSE ?
E. W. Lyman: archiving and give a lot of attention on the Scholarly quality; I thing we have to respond to both concerns.
Is your software is on developpment, or online ?
E. W. Lyman: I was working on it fulltime during 8 years. An archive distributes it : only works on windows, this is all javascript / html, but I though i had something with promax ( http://promax.com/ ?)
E. W. Lyman: Does somebody knows "electron"? Nobody anwers in the room. It's a open source library to build apps with HTML/CSS/JS : http://electron.atom.io/
h3. 11.30 Christopher M. Ohge, University of California, Berkeley
Navigating Readability and Reliability in Digital Documentary Editions: The Case of Mark Twain’s Notebooks
Mark Twain notebooks
The PE principles are no longer in use in our DE.
Fewer people will be interested - no more concealling in the new edition
In reality, liberty with reliability because it was impossible to be entierly reliable (some unreadable material)
La fiabilité n'est pas si importante puisque l'accessibilité va permettre de mettre à disposition plus de documents
Mark Twain créer des notices :
On the next manuscript page :
No tags: we can see the facsimile from the notice, / a lot of differences with the edited printed version we discovered.
Reliability : I worked a lot on the 8th notebook, the “river notebook,” written by Mark Twain while he trained to be a river pilot in 1857
So many deletion, substitution, etc.
A really unreadable notebook : we had to sacrifice reliability over readability.
Digital facsimile :
goal in DE : has the notion of readability changed?
good interface?
editing, inteface as editorial theory
Questions for the MT project :
1) interesting : readability should not exclude reliability, the choices can be made consistant, If it is the case do we loose reliabliity?
Christopher M. Ohge: the river notebook is not readable, so no reliability, just make it accesible
2) Why make something readable if it's not readable on the original?
Christopher M. Ohge: No facsmilie on line without group checking, carfull re-reading, it's a real edition work
3) tension btw : reliablity and readability : in what sense this tension would go away, if you would publish it on another website?
Christopher M. Ohge: We don't have the copyright to do that; We have exclusive copyright for this specific edition. It wouldn't be appropriate for any serious editor to publish it on another website
h2. Session 2: Visualisation, Typography and Design I
h3. 14.00 Elli Bleeker and Aodhán Kelly, University of Antwerp
Interfacing literary genesis: a digital museum exhibition of Raymond Brulez’ Sheherazade
Current work : investigationg
Interfacing literary genesis
Aodhán Kelly (Dixit fellow): http://dixit.uni-koeln.de/fellowships/early-stage-researchers/#esr11
Elli Bleeker (Dixit fellow): http://dixit.uni-koeln.de/fellowships/early-stage-researchers/#esr3
We, as editor of interface designers. Elli Bleeker shows a nice demo video (no link for video), with Rimski Korsakov's Sheherazade playing (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=17lEx0ytE_0 ) : in the video we see pieces of paper moving around, a hand writing, deleting, adding text, etc.
Elli Bleeker: their goal with this type of exhibit project is not to do the edition, but to provide the user with an idea of the author writing process and make him/her want to see the Genetic critical edition that will they are working on with Brulez texts.
Inspiration : The touch press-edition of TS Eliot's of Ireland
Brulez's poems, it's a much more confidential corpus : but they want to show the digital exhibit : 3 different parties in colaboration :
- user studies - continue to built on digital principles - we also want to collaborate
Genetic criticism :
analyse the process of the writer - genetic editing them very differnt - could lead to a digital edition but not alsways so - provide an instrument to explore -
DE : to do more critical research - we wanted to show our result, we want to invite the readers to discover the texts :
User Study :
+ tablets for outreach publication
+ 74% respondants used tablets for learning
+ Responsive interface
The interface : very difficult to find a definition. Ours is general :
"The Interface is a point of contact between the user and a set of embodied info"
(Nowviskie http://nowviskie.org/ )
As users, we had Museum visitors and website visitors. Where is the treshold of age, education level for a user?
In the project, 3 main actors :
The center of Manuscript Genetics of the University of Antwerp (https://www.uantwerpen.be/en/rg/centre-for-manuscript-genetics/ )
A local web design company (http://www.prophets.be )
The Letterhuis Museum and Archive (http://www.letterenhuis.be/mdn.net )
We wanted an esthetic design which really promotes the perceived usability.
RFP : we did auditions with serveal design companies // and introduce them to genetic criticism. First they asked 80.000 but went down to 20.000.
Balance btwn the full research project and a way to make it interesting for the audience : necessity to explain to the web designer compagnies what we were doing with the Brulez's Texts, and our scientific goals... And make this presentation as clear as possible.
Obviously, we had to prioritize our objectives for clarity and financial reasons.
They had a grant but they want to share the code for the webinterface on GitHub, for future inhouse possible developments. It will be possible to reuse the design. giving back to the community.
Not only we had to find aspects that can be intersting for the readers, but we learn to explain better our project.
Next steps :
did it work?
user testing
refinment / maketing of the exhibition
on twitter : @oadhankelly and @ellibleeker
transcription phase !
Questions :
1) How did designers understood your work on critical genetics?
Elli Bleeker: very well, very fast actually
2) To what extent public learn about critical editing? Is it on of your goal?
Elli Bleeker: Not to teach that, but to show , illustrate the process of writting, see how it's fascinating.
3) Who should really do this work? The museum? the archive? or the researchers?
Elli Bleeker: Either !
h3. 14.30 Hans Walter Gabler, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, and Joshua Schäuble, University of Passau
Visualising processes of text composition and revision across document borders
I will present a Satelite project on Virginia Woolf's journals draft manuscripts.
Digital collation of editorial control + academic control of Virginia Woolf's journals draft manuscripts
Underlying datastructure depends on DE / Data Processing operation (collate / markup)
Transcribe > markup > preocess analysis
Apparatus different from metadata | Visualisation / collation/analysis
=> textual development tranformation from writting to typing
Diachronic slider :
you can select a zone in one of the witnesses, and it appears in a separated box , with a browsing possibility btw witnesses (MS1 - MS2 - MS3, etc.)
questions :
1) Could we have a look at your markup? Very document oriented
Answer: They use the Guideline // leave the data markup
2) Several people say they love the fact that you can selection a part of the text and see all the variants of this selection
question I asked during the break: are your using exist DB? Answer: Yes
h2. Session 3: Visualisation, Typography and Design II
h3. 17.00 Piotr Michura, Academy of Fine Arts in Krakow
Typography as interface – typographic design of text visualization for Digital Scholarly Editions
A very clear and interesting presentation by Piotr Michura. His presentation gave his insight and many references on reading, digital reading, hyper reading, radial reading, distant reading, close reading, learning assistance, emotional responses, engagement tools, etc. I really loved it. It is on of the presentation I will really go back to and actually use for the projects I'm working on. Here are the content of Piotr Michura presentation :
His page for the event : http://www.shanemcgarry.com/bridging-gap-presentation-graz/
His slides : https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/12555ma-v658HBNjDQNzRlOr6HhjNYv9QgvMLq5oZvh8/edit#slide=id.g35f391192_00
His Talk : https://www.academia.edu/28681735/Bridging_the_Gap_Exploring_Interaction_Metaphors_That_Facilitate_Alternative_Reading_Modalities_in_Digital_Scholarly_Editions
h2. Keynote
h3. 18.00 Stan Ruecker, IIT Institute of Design
Task-Based Design for Digital Scholarly Editions
Bridging the gap, Stan Ruecker wants to exploring interaction metaphors that facilitate alternative residing modalities of provided SE.
What are the tasks for designing DSE. We do researching design
Stan Ruecker is part of a group implementing new knowledge environments : see INKE http://inke.ca/projects/chicago-conference-2014/
https://www.id.iit.edu/people/stan-ruecker/
Our goals :
- review digital scholarly editing insights
- consider experience of Readers
Are we always talking about page design?
What is Reading?
Stan Ruecker shows us different projects/publication/communication from INKE members :
Susan Brown - Remediating the editor (2015)
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1179/0308018814Z.000000000106
Luciano Frizzera et al. Designing for MultiTouch Surfaces as Social Reading Environments (2013)
http://inke.ca/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/INKE-Abstract-for-DH2013.pdf
See also Luciano Frizzera on this Multitouch Variorum video : https://vimeo.com/91530996
annotate, comment, display comment, etc.
transparent sheets, etc.
Mihale Ilovan et al (2011). CiteLens (Master design project) See on Vimeo
https://vimeo.com/91534798
Dynamic table of contexts – Stan Ruecker et al. 2014 :
https://www.id.iit.edu/artifacts/the-dynamic-table-of-contexts-user-experience-and-future-directions/
List of advices :
- visualisation as experience
- perceptibility
- pre-knowledge
- comprehension
- utility
- interpretation
- engagement
- outcome
- purpose
Stan Ruecker shows us another project by Tomoko Ichikawa (2015)
https://www.id.iit.edu/people/tomoko-ichikawa/
In a timeline : Entice = enter, engage, exit, extend
====> ====> ===> ===> ===> ===>
He then moves on to another project where they work their design with wood hexagons. He explains that time doesn’t really exist without event: if there is no event, there is no time to remember.
The hexagons wood pieces are events, and we can assemble them like tools representing time. Some events are really important (big pieces) to the person who is remembering the events, some a bit less (small pieces).
It’s the same thing with critical genetic editions: we have a combination of events.
The materiality of the wood pieces reminds us of the dependencies between events: a piece cannot stand above, if there is no pieces (events) bellow.
He presents another project: a theatre show represented in a 3D set by Jennifer Roberts-Smith et al. (2015). We can see schematic persons, direction (nose, arrows), move them around according to the stage informations.
Another project: Sue LePage design for Judith Thompson White biting dog (2011)
Too skeuomorphic? maybe not
--
Samedi
h2. Session 4 How to program the Interface
Chair woman : Martina Bürgermeister, Univ Graz
Welcome - topic : how to programm interface , we will hear about technical stuff, technical point view on interface
h3. 9.00 Hugh Cayless, Duke University Libraries
Critical Editions and the Data Model as Interface
Welcome to the nerdsession here are my slides, my talk, and my DSE :
Slides : https://goo.gl/q7kbY0
Text: https://goo.gl/te3HwK
DSE : https://goo.gl/iBYXFt
h3. 9.30 Chiara Di Pietro, University of Pisa, and Roberto Rosselli Del Turco, University of Turin
Between innovation and conservation: the narrow path of UI design for the Digital Scholarly Edition
Assistant professor , assistant prof of DH in Pisa lead developper EVT
Chiara Di Pietro - This the main developper of EVT and Software developper in a cie - DH master degree at the university of Pisa
Here are the slides of the presentation : https://sourceforge.net/projects/evt-project/files/slidesGraz2016.pdf/download
UI issues -
EVT publication tool for XML TEI
Specific project : they work on the Vercelli project)
After EVT 1, all written in XSLT, we wanted to add new feature requested form other projects. And it was a natural evolution path to add support for critical editions.
2 problems:
- pb n° 1 : underlying framework less expandable and flexible that we thought
- pb n°2 : the UI had to be re designed
But before doing the UI redesign we did a thorough state of the art survey
Preparation phase: with the 1rst generation softwares you recognize immediately the layout, because there is a certain conservatism in first DSEs.
We had to experiment new UI paradigms because innovation and experimentation are positive and necessary, but also to entail problems we have with current DSE's
Was the initial conservatism completely negative?
See diaps for details on the UI choices : https://sourceforge.net/projects/evt-project/files/slidesGraz2016.pdf/download
Another intersting new feature, the Direct bookmark:
The user can share a particular view of a element in the edition and make a direct url reference to this element aligned in all the selected variants.
For instance : http://evt.labcd.unipi.it/test/evt-2-alpha/#/collation?d=doc_1&p=A-1r&e=critical&ws=A@2r,B@3r&app=text-body-div-div-p-app7
They reach a reasonable compromise: sometimes intuitive really means familiar
Here are the future developments for EVT2, they’re thinking about:
- traditional critical apparatus layout as an option
- porting of EVT 1 features into EVT2
- connecting all variant readings to the corresponding images : reliability as you can see for yourself
Questions from the public:
1) Why AngularJS?
Chiara di Pietro and Roberto Rosselli del Turco: to separate the content from visualization
2) Are the 2 softwares all open source softwares?
Chiara di Pietro and Roberto Rosselli del Turco: Yes, EVT1 and the ready version of EVT2 on sourceforge… And the dev version of EVT2 on Github.
3) Question on the javascript transformation from the TEI XML:
Chiara di Pietro and Roberto Rosselli del Turco: the javascript parsing takes all the data and reorganize them in a Jason format. The parsing allows to retrieve the data, the collation, etc. The parsing is done not only once because not everything is parsed at the same time. Mainly we parse the elements we need for our project, but if you can start adapting it to your own project. First by modifying the CSS, then by modifying the elements parsing.
10.00 Jeffrey C. Witt, Loyola University Maryland
Digital Scholarly Editions as API Consuming Applications
His slides : http://lombardpress.org/slides/2016-09-24-graz-dixit-conference/#/
Data Display (Interface) Redundancy (use down arrows to display diaps on this) : http://lombardpress.org/slides/2016-09-24-graz-dixit-conference/#/2
Our Data (use down arrows): http://lombardpress.org/slides/2016-09-24-graz-dixit-conference/#/3
Our Data Model and API: http://lombardpress.org/slides/2016-09-24-graz-dixit-conference/#/4
Critical Corpus Database Visualization: http://lombardpress.org/slides/2016-09-24-graz-dixit-conference/#/5
Building common libraries for common tasks: http://lombardpress.org/slides/2016-09-24-graz-dixit-conference/#/6
LombardPress Interface Display: http://lombardpress.org/slides/2016-09-24-graz-dixit-conference/#/7
Mirador IIIF Image Interface: http://lombardpress.org/slides/2016-09-24-graz-dixit-conference/#/8
Lbp Print Interface: http://lombardpress.org/slides/2016-09-24-graz-dixit-conference/#/9
Readings: http://lombardpress.org/slides/2016-09-24-graz-dixit-conference/#/10
h2. Session 5: Theoretical implications
h3. 11.30 Peter Robinson, University of Saskatchewan
Why Interfaces Do Not and Should Not Matter for Scholarly Digital Editions
http://dsh.oxfordjournals.org/content/digitalsh/early/2016/09/16/llc.fqw020.full.pdf?ijkey=Ug9lRjHglhPGzVG&keytype=ref
Somthing to read
Twitter #DSEasInterface feed his presentation
If everyone believe in something, it should be wrong :
DSE as Interface : they may be many things, but you cannot mix the DSE and the Interface
The Bayeux ...
Commedia
The order of bad choices :
Get the grant
Get the application right
Reach the widest possible audience
Have the best possible interface
Make the data available to others
Get the data right
A SE : is one where shcolarly attention has been paid to every word (approved by an editor): It's the DATA
Data over Interface, was a very courageous statement to make here in front of this audience by Dot Porter. But it has too often be Interface OVER data. Here are 2 examples :
Example 1 : The Guidelines for Editors of SE (MLA):
Before 2011 in their statement the first point was Accuracy
Today : minimal conditions that must be satisfied, the methods, reuses, technologies, but nothing anymore on ACCURACY !
Example 2 : The Shakespeare Quatuors (he made a lfull account of what is wrong in this edition : thousand of errors. Peter Robinson says it's probably because of subcontract transcriptions made in the Philipines.
We put an excessive concentration on the interface:
to please grant funders
for the fetishization of the document
Manuscripts, books, are fetishized but not the object of SE anymore. It is not right to edit a photographical reproduction of a manuscript facsimile, with the adds exactly in the same place on the page (above, top, etc.)... We are not doign artistic edition. We are giving information.
ex: Che throno \ introno / etc.
The TEI below will enable us to make interesting traitements: result of doing collations (rdg) - mart-orig=aldus 1515 / etc
What is the most important about the SE: the information / knowledge it gives you about a text.
<app>
<rdg>ntrono
<rdg> trono
<rdg> ntrono
</app>
My interface is your enemy
What should be important :
Get the data right
Make the data available to others
Have the best possible interface / don't make it yourself, let the other do it or make money with it (publishers)
Get the grant application right
Reach the widest possible audience
Clay Shirkey : "Design for Generosity"
Images, transcripts, collation made avalable free to all without restriction
A valid model of texts, documents and works
Free to all means Free to all
Jerome McGann: In the next 50 years we will have to re-edit everything :
Question : n° 2 shouldn't it be number 1 ("Data should be made Available to all") before starting to work on it (and "make the data right")
Question Joshua : get the data right // very lake
Different interface for different data : TEI : to make it right
the interface for publishing / visualisation
can be an attempt to research (tree, etc.) : research tools // My reaction about interface is when it just display without teaching the researcher anythng.
h3. 12.00 Tara Andrews, University of Vienna, and Joris van Zundert, Huygens Institute for the History of The Netherlands
What Are You Trying to Say? The Interface as an Integral Element of Argument
The prezi presentation : https://prezi.com/ig9hh35z2ocl/what-are-you-trying-to-say/
The text of the presentation : see second diap of the prezi presentation : https://prezi.com/ig9hh35z2ocl/what-are-you-trying-to-say/
Federicao Caria (La Sapienza) & Brigitte Mathiak (Cologne University)
Evaluating digital scholarly editions : a focus group
Brigitte M. : specialized in text mining
Frederico C. : design - classics, museum http://dixit.uni-koeln.de/fellowships/early-stage-researchers/#esr12
http://digilab.uniroma1.it/
An hybrid focus for the evaluatinon of DSE on the User: Nobody said who it was... And what the user actually want to see ?
In Dixit, our study is ready to be published, about people, testimony, etc.
If people use the DSE, who are they?
Focus group elements: actually it's really cheap to make people test your Interfaces. It cost us only coffee pots.
And then you need to study the user reaction in front of the screen:
behavioural eyetracking
clickstream analyseis
A/B testing
usability benchmarking
moderated remote usability strudies
usabilities
etc.
--- Extended usability quality of use :
task goals
User < intercation / task > interface
Task > effectivement > satistafaction > efficiency
We used 3 competitor DSE for our analysis :
Patrick's Confessio: http://www.confessio.ie/#
Walden. Fluid text Edition: http://digitalthoreau.org/fluid-text-toc/
E. Dickinson Archive: http://www.edickinson.org/
You should find the five scholarly activities and their primitives for your DSE... See indicative list:
direct searching
note taking
writing
scanning
comparing
assembling
collaborating
disseminating
assessing
organizing
browsing
data practices
coordinating
collecting
acessing
consulting
monitoring
searching
reading
tranlating
...
We distributed a satisfaction questionnaire to compare the 3 DSE:
Walden. Fluid text Edition: http://digitalthoreau.org/fluid-text-toc/ gained the higher score.
With the Walden DSE, at least they could browse through an table of chapters, and then compare variants of each chapter. While you're comparing 2 variants, you always know were you are thanks to the left information panel. It was considered more effectiveness, more comprehensive... Note that it was the only one without facimile - but it was found more usefull than the 2 others by the users... who could actually do something with it.
With the other 2 DSE, they got lost, were frustrated, couldn't do anything with them... and found them useless
Video Demo of a user of the Patrick's Confessio: he has a list of task to accomplish on the DSE (open this, find that), ... but is completly lost on the page (we see the arrow turning around, searching everywhere...
Charles Harpur Critical Archive
http://charles-harpur.org
Session 6: User oriented approaches I
h3. 14.30 Ginestra Ferraro, King's College London, and Anna Maria Sichani, Huygens ING
Design as part of the plan: sustainability in digital editing projects
Ginestra Ferraro (UI/UX Developer at King's College): http://www.kcl.ac.uk/artshums/digitallab/Team/ferraro/index.aspx
Anna-Maria Sichani (Dixit fellow): http://dixit.uni-koeln.de/fellowships/early-stage-researchers/#esr10
@ginez_17
@kingsdigitallab
The science had to catch up with the web as technology and design evolve very fast... And frankly, the DSE's I usually see look really updated.
We are stuffing content in a box that doesn't fit. Maybe we should build a new wrapper around the content and this time, it has to last longer. It needs to be flexible and thus vailable.
A diagramm on Time vs features vs quality vs cost
They use an AGILE methodoly for their development.
Suggest to a real life project : try to built a framework with more flexibility
We are not negociating the quality, it's the center of both models.
AGILE :
An iterative methodology that supports a flexible approch to dev
Assigning different proiorities to tasks
Faults are discovered and fixed in the pocess
The final product is functional because
Agile in a nutshell
iterative / incremental design
willingness to texplore and adapt
responding to change
face 2 face collaboration
valuable product
Moscow approach
Must
Shoul
Couls
Won't do this time
How does it look in an actual project?
=> Labels : on category of tasks (tello : https://trello.com/ for project management
What does it have to do with DSE project?
the main thing : an iterative workflow - flexible process
prioritise the task (instead of TODO)
a dynamic
and KEEP DOCUMENTING
KDL's workflow
also applicable to DSE projects
PRE-PROJECT
Content design / Information architecture
content is king, so let's build around it
how a database struture looks like
not particularly friendly
move towards Human friendly
get the conversation started qickly
don't design, sketch
get feedbak
move on to the next step
what does design do for you?
get you content accross
TEXT vs Visual
there is nothing wrong with both of them
choose what delivers to your audience etc.
Search a body of work : before/and new version of OCVE online chopin variorum edition
http://www.chopinonline.ac.uk/ocve/
The challenges for us were:
find a commom language
embrace the agile philosophy from the start
keep the communiation channel open all the time
include design early in the process
Questions from the audience:
1) Amasing how the scholars adapt to your way of managing the project
We started only one year ago, we learn as we went (part of the iteration process) - Convincing other scholars in the project was difficult at the beginning, but when they saw we were making things better, they started to collaborate.
2) The editor can be the designer, or should there be a designer in the lab?
h3. 15.10 Jan Erik Stange, University of Applied Sciences Potsdam
How close can we get to the reader? Co-creation as a valid approach to developing interfaces for scholarly editions?
Jan Erik Stange : https://uclab.fh-potsdam.de/people/jan-erik-stange/
I should be one of the 2 designers here in the symposium ;)
Co-creation : is an approach to design that's why we work mainly with workshops, which is a way of getting close to the reader and to other people in the project
A few words about Digital Humanities in general, and then I will talk about co-creation.
Digital Humanities :
- usually DH projects were based on a collabotation between humanities shcolars and computer scientists
- real interdisciplinary cooperation is rarely working
- the designer can be an interface between the 2
I usually work around a user-center design, with an iterative design process
shortcomings of UCD
new Digital methods might help ansewring entirely new research questions - how do we identifiy research questions that are truly valuable to the user?
it is not alwways clear, what might be potentieal user groups for a paricular editon or collection
Cp-creation
design process that has been applieyed in the buisness contaxt
active involvment of all stakholders in the design nand develoment process of a project
stakeholders are seen as experts of their own experience
collaborative creation of concepts with a multitude
Common structure
inspirational input related work
ideation session ans clustering
one or several creative tacks based on generated ideas ans own experience of partipants
Wrap-up and discussion
Workshop 1 : lekturen, letures, readings
objectives workshlp for a reserach proposal in collaboration with leterary scholars of the humbold Univ berlin that had the goal to create new digital interfaces to the recenly ...
Qualitative data questions, quantitative data questions, etc.
result : we identified reading visualisation and text as a promissing topic for our research in design
2nd workshop : VIKUS PAST VISIONS
Cultural sensitivity important in this workshop design
Other project (nothing to do with DSE) we looked at DDB that had founding programm and we interviewed users of this DDB : question about wokflows
in the next face, the scenarii were given to different group, who developped diferent scenario / interfaces !
Important :
4 intrface ideas were produced in the workshop that helped us to identifiy impottant requirements for the design process
Summerize :
take away inhibition of participants
define a precise questoin to be answered by the workshop
be ready to improvise, if you realize the workshop concept doesn't work
workshop is only one part of the whole process
provide inspirational input at the bebining of the workshopUse
Q° 1 : what is an inspirational input (distant, or close to the task ?)
most of our material are DSE ?
Q° 2 : the designers as an interface btwn humanist and digital
some Digital humanist see themselves that way .
are Digital humanist are designer? they sometimes don't get as close to they goal they should do !
Q° 2 : 2 line of mediation :
1rst mediation : DHumanist : data models
2nd mediation : DHumanist can communicated with the designer
Christina M. Steiner, Alexander Nussbaumer, Eva-C. Hillemann and Dietrich Albert, Graz University of Technology
User Interface Design and Evaluation in the Context of Digital Humanities and Decision Support Systems
Overview collections the collections
1641 Depositions historical background
fight against english settelements
TCD library : depositions
IPSA collection
Cultura Project
Linguistic pipeline
evaluation phases
requirements analysis : supporting desing
formative evaluation : detecting pb
Evluation process :
planning
carrying out
working with results
be consistent on the visual language for info visualisation
be clear sabout focal points
be clear on the ???
Use different visualisation techniques
use multiple views
ise differnt levels of details
provide info on unvertainty
FAVVES
h2. Session 7: User oriented approaches II
h3. 16.30 Stefan Dumont, Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften
“Correspondances” – Digital Scholarly Editions of Letters as Interfaces
Consequence for SE of Letters
scholar often read editions of letters very selective
Graphical interface :
Access PArt
the Faceted PArt
indexes of ersonn
comeback of topics as a starting point and indexes
Darwin correspondance porject
Alfred edcer project
Access : within
Carl MAria vn Weber an caroline brnadt in prag
Materiality providing facsimiles to explore aspects of a letter
Vincent Van gogh
varied scholarly edition
one part of the correspondence is already edited in printed form, but not the other par : What to do??
No new transcription of letters - schlefel
Commentary :
index entries serve as commentary
as you can see in the
BEACON
CMIF
TEI-XML
RDF
http://www.weber-gesamtausgabe.de/A041461
Shift from the reader to the user
Frederike question : 2 observations Digital edition of letters
materiality receive more attention than in print editions : margins, and so on, and I'm wondering if it is really necessary: For those letters, the paper was expensive : the line breaks are here because of economic reasons = it has no sense to reproduce it in TEI. The aspect of material are not given as much attention : spots on the page? drop of ink : should those aspect be descibed ? The materiality : is also in last 15 years of printed edition and exhibits
=> the most of the q° : facsimle : you can code some features, but not always usefull, it cannont reconstruct the page.
Other observation : index as commentary of the edition (usefulness for the user). Sometimes is not really helpfull for the user : like to tell "who is someone" is not so relevant. Give a biography is not so relevant... For me what is really interesting should be the relationship between the 2 persons who are writing to each other
Q° : ok for the relationship : one of the reason that it is not done is the data model : that is what is done by other project (link, rdf)
System of exchange : simuation of post-mail
Somedy from the audience answer to Frederike : "Do not mistake the purpose of the authority file that are for machines, not humans ! "
h3. 17.00 James R. Griffin III, Lafayette College
Encoding and Designing for the Swift Poems Project
James R. Griffin the 3rd
Primary designer of the ... Jonathan Swifth Poems Project
how they integrated the project
Envlove in the project : an
importance of the UI
2 researchers :
James Woolley
Stephen
Woolley and Karian seel to archive poems attributed to J. Sw.
beginning in 1987 : this has involved
identifiying and cataloging Primary Sources
Transcription
The libraries at Lafayette :
in 2009 : consuted with the libraries for assistance with the project
Visual resource curator (Paul Miller) developped a set of Microsoft access DBB
In 2012 : the NEH awarded a SE Grant fot the projet
James R G. III joined the project then
Identiifying the source : 6500 manuspcrits (identified and cataloged)
a lot a protected by copyright
Catalogin the sources :
bibliographic metadata
Transcribing the primary source
not TEI
Nota BENE encoding
Nota bene collation
in mode code (source code) in a terminal
Backslashes \
Accessing the nota bene encoding comes with challenges
(3.0 in 1988 !)
accessing NB would require a virtualiszed environment of Miscrosoft from 1988
So we have to encode in TEI
An API ruby usign Nokogiri was developped to support this transformation
Viewing the TEI XML ws of limited value
research techniques
XSLT
styled HTML5 using bootstrap serves as a minimum viable product
Viewing the encoded text
Enrich the encoded transcript
limits : are obvious :
reserachers are not encoding
the developper for the ruby API is not a litterary scholar
How can this encoding be made collaborative?
Enriching the encoded transcripts
- collaborative the encoded and quality control
Textual criticism is stil not enabled by this approach
Collation within a Digital SE
a coolation interface was scoped for the digital edition
collation features could be extended
experimental feature can be introduced
extended UI fetures usign javascript frameworks
the DE is cureent imp
solution such as Angular JS and REACT reduice UI to a set of modular components tey also resquire a RESTFUL API
preservation : ingestion of the critically edited reading texts int he TEI XML
Lafayette College Libraries is a member of the Project Hydra community
migration for other systems (Islandora and DSpace) is underway
modelling TEI ressouces in Hydra ...
endora // interface in javascript / or oxygen for TEI encoding by reserchers
yamo or JASON
I can see how JSON could be the new XML
Final talk :
h3. 17.30 Wout Dillen, University of Borås
The Editor in the Interface. Guiding the User through Texts and Images
Wout Dillen (Dixit fellow): http://dixit.uni-koeln.de/fellowships/experienced-researchers/#er1
Digital scholarly editing
The editor as guide !
a SE is inteded to fulfil 2 contradictory user demands
A. the clear economical selective guiding through the textual mass in such a way that the user can benefit from the editor's insights and competent judgement
B. the broadest possible presentation of the textuel material, enabling the user to choose different paths and variants than has the editor
Print SE's
On aime pas voir nos edition comme des labyrinthes
Plutôt voir ça comme Dante Comedy
Dante est perdu dans la fore
Chi per lungo silenzio parea fioco
editor should be silenced enough to let the user use the interface
and eloquent enought to mke him go on
Interface Friends or Foes ?
Robinson 2003 Where we are with electronic SE...
the primary target are audience //
some degree of familiarity of the type of DSE
Interfaces : Friends or Foes (friends)
The editor is already stealing the user interpretation in the DSE
source text paratext
That's enough theory :
see the www.becketarchive.org
stop distracting the user by givng all the interpretation, and give a simpler version of the text :
Don't forget COLLATEX
as designer we are not just developpers of these interfaces, but also users !
DATA over interface ,
it'is really by developping better Interface that we manage a better attention to DATA , and by interacting with people , we learn a lot
learn process visualize learn process etc. (Richard Hadden, yesterday)
Sept. 23-24, in the Center for Information Modelling - Austrian Center for DH at the university of Graz; endorsed by the DiXiT network
Sam Saïdi - notes
h2. 9.30 Dot Porter, University of Pennsylvania
What is an Edition anyway? A critical examination of Digital Editions since 2002
If one picture is worth a thousand words, an interface is worth a thousand pictures
She thinks about the user, and wants to come back to this primary question "What is an edition anyway?"
she has looked up the definition "e.di.tion" in google which says :
- a particular version of a text
- a binding of different text
Right, not so interesting she says. As a medievalist she can give more complex definition of the term. She will show us different manifestations of textuality and digital editions :
A first illustration: the The Bankes Papyrus (British Museum Papyrus 114 [2nd c. CE]), columns 1-3. Via the Homer Multitext Project. (P. Lond. Lit. 28). : https://sarahemilybond.files.wordpress.com/2014/10/114_1-1.jpg
A second example: Dante Commedia edited by Prue Shaw : http://www.sd-editions.com/AnaAdditional/CommediaEx/CommediaExhome.html
The main page provides us with a beautiful illustration and the essential informations pointers / the main menu (Image/text - Title Page - Intro - Word Collation - Help - VBase)
Then if we look at a sample of the image/text visualisation (http://www.sd-editions.com/AnaServer?commedia+0+start.anv+stype=textimage), we have the facsimile on the left, and the transcription on the right .. and as she says a very usefull dropdown menu in the middle (from top) : the "Editorial Material" a sort of index of the content.
Dot Porter cares about the opinion of users when using digital scholarly editions (DSE), especially the attitude of medievalists toward DSE.
Thanks to her background in anglo-saxon litterature, she knows medieval texts and she has daily opportunities to speak with a lot with medievalists about their approach towards Digital ressources and towards DSE.
Her first 2 surveys that were of great use to her, very helpfull :
- First survey : mail to a hundred people
In the first survey she learned that users were using the DSE only if the print version was not available
- Second survey : mail to 150, and use of large lists (Early English Text Society : http://users.ox.ac.uk/~eets/ )
A (third?) new survey concentrated on the question "What is a DE?" and using the Sahle's distinction between a digitized edition and a digital edition (see also E. Pierazzo)
Users Answers "I use More time than I can count" :
Print editions : 78 %
Digitzed editions : 77%
Digital editions : 40%
Questions arise from these results :
Are we creating DE that people are using ?
Does it matter?
If I use it for my research does it matter that other people don't relly use it?
And, again, still the same question : What is an edition?
On the basic level : flowding text
She shows the exemple of The Schoenberg institute for manuscript studies : https://schoenberginstitute.org/
And a citation by Christopher Flüeler :
"Can the publication of a digital manuscript on the internet be understood as an edition?
Further: could such an edition even be regarded as a critical edition?"
Digital Manuscript as Critical Edition
https://schoenberginstitute.org/2015/06/30/digital-manuscripts-as-critical-edition/
Dot Porter speaks about her experience at the Penn University Library, Open Library Upenn / The Online Books Page (2 millions free books on the web!) : http://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/
And she reminds us that one of the most asked features for the open library is a PDF version of each text !
Modelising manuscript illustrated VisColl on github : https://github.com/leoba/VisColl
E-Codices http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/fr
iiif.io : http://iiif.io/
iiif API to make edition of groups of manuscript from everywhere / System for viewing edition
Then she reveal her Tshirt and a diap with this statement : "Data over Interface" (which will bring a lot of commentaries and debates during the symposium)
This collaboration: the Designer is the one that is often missing, when he's the specialist for the visual communication.
h2. *Session 1: Readability, Reliability, Navigation*
h3. 11.00 Eugene W. Lyman, Independent Scholar
Digital Scholarly Editions and the Affordances of Reliability
Eugene W. Lyman speaks of 2 types of affordances :
presentation affordances
affordances for expertise
He makes us compare 2 magnifiers on the screen :
the magnifier on the left is bad compare to the one on the right
the one on the right is more accurate
Indeed, on the left : the schematic round magnifier glass realism works against its use as you can't see the zone you’re magnifing. The magnifier hides it.
Whereas, the magnifier on the right works very well (winchester project that have that magnifier, you can use it here for instance : http://www.maloryproject.com/image_viewer.php?gallery=Winchester&image_id=11&pos=11 ) : make seeing much easier because we know the zone we’re looking at !
Designing interface that are at once stable and flexible stimulation as well as clear, is one of the 2 most demanding tasks (in both sense of demanding)
E. W. Lyman started a work on interface 10 years earlier, but there were other pb at that time than concentrating on the Interface :
Of course the TEI was absolutly necessary, but it did have an impact, like on people like Susan Hockey https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Susan_Hockey (speach : standing up for TEI, it got pbs but, we need it)
She sees things as small steps, say that TEI does what you want to do. There are positive sides to this kind of speeches, but no sense of dialog at all.
The MLA committee has a clear view of what a SE (scholarly edition) should do ... and having a sense of what they should do, can be a good idea
Indeed the MLA makes a very genral statament on reliability : "SE should be reliable".
So the SE’s basic task is to present a reliable text. According to the MLA, reliability is established by :
certification,
adequacy
appropriateness
consistency
explicitness
Accuracy, with repsect to texts, adequacy and appropriaeness with respect to documenting editorial principles and practices, consistency and explicitness with respect to methods
We provide all the evidences thanks to collation, (may or may not be representative of everything)
E. W. Lyman says : If DEs (Digital Editions) are not more reliable than PEs (Printed Editions), then don’t use them !
DEs can be made more reliable than PEs: if it is not the case, there is no reason tho use them.
Steadiness is really important.
How does or how can DEs be made more reliable?
I was talking earlier of 2 types of affordances :
- presentation affordances
- affordances for expertise
Here is a citation by http://www.biography.com/people/douglas-c-engelbart-9287574#early-life-and-career :
"Increasing the effectiveness of the individual’s use of his basic capabilities is a problem
in redesigning the changeable parts of a system…To redesign a structure, we must
learn as much as we can of what is known about the basic materials and components
as they are utilized within the structure; beyond that we must learn how to view, to
measure, to analyze, and to evaluate in terms of the functional whole and its purpose."
Douglas C Engelbart (Augmenting Human Intellect 1962)
http://www.1962paper.org/web.html
If you think of Editions, programs, handling of the users, we have to pay attention to the he users.
William James The principles of psychology 1890
https://archive.org/details/theprinciplesofp01jameuoft
If you need to concentrate, you need some help to concentrate in the interface you're using... But too much simplifications in an Interface will also block the user who won't be able to rearange things on the page.
The visual concentraction, is something which is difficult to maintain : you shouldn’t be distracted by the scrolling down and up, and by the panelling effect.
E. W. Lyman gives us a demonstration
A desktop software where he got 97 % of the work he needed done = very good interface, with all the main features needed for comparing facsimile / transcription (line by line, with the highlight functionality), etc.
Questions from public :
If a DE is not more reliable, why do we do it?
E. W. Lyman: the power of the huge accessibility, makes reliability somewhat not so important,
We can archive something more important than doing reliable DSE ?
E. W. Lyman: archiving and give a lot of attention on the Scholarly quality; I thing we have to respond to both concerns.
Is your software is on developpment, or online ?
E. W. Lyman: I was working on it fulltime during 8 years. An archive distributes it : only works on windows, this is all javascript / html, but I though i had something with promax ( http://promax.com/ ?)
E. W. Lyman: Does somebody knows "electron"? Nobody anwers in the room. It's a open source library to build apps with HTML/CSS/JS : http://electron.atom.io/
h3. 11.30 Christopher M. Ohge, University of California, Berkeley
Navigating Readability and Reliability in Digital Documentary Editions: The Case of Mark Twain’s Notebooks
Mark Twain notebooks
The PE principles are no longer in use in our DE.
Fewer people will be interested - no more concealling in the new edition
In reality, liberty with reliability because it was impossible to be entierly reliable (some unreadable material)
La fiabilité n'est pas si importante puisque l'accessibilité va permettre de mettre à disposition plus de documents
Mark Twain créer des notices :
On the next manuscript page :
No tags: we can see the facsimile from the notice, / a lot of differences with the edited printed version we discovered.
Reliability : I worked a lot on the 8th notebook, the “river notebook,” written by Mark Twain while he trained to be a river pilot in 1857
So many deletion, substitution, etc.
A really unreadable notebook : we had to sacrifice reliability over readability.
Digital facsimile :
goal in DE : has the notion of readability changed?
good interface?
editing, inteface as editorial theory
Questions for the MT project :
1) interesting : readability should not exclude reliability, the choices can be made consistant, If it is the case do we loose reliabliity?
Christopher M. Ohge: the river notebook is not readable, so no reliability, just make it accesible
2) Why make something readable if it's not readable on the original?
Christopher M. Ohge: No facsmilie on line without group checking, carfull re-reading, it's a real edition work
3) tension btw : reliablity and readability : in what sense this tension would go away, if you would publish it on another website?
Christopher M. Ohge: We don't have the copyright to do that; We have exclusive copyright for this specific edition. It wouldn't be appropriate for any serious editor to publish it on another website
h2. Session 2: Visualisation, Typography and Design I
h3. 14.00 Elli Bleeker and Aodhán Kelly, University of Antwerp
Interfacing literary genesis: a digital museum exhibition of Raymond Brulez’ Sheherazade
Current work : investigationg
Interfacing literary genesis
Aodhán Kelly (Dixit fellow): http://dixit.uni-koeln.de/fellowships/early-stage-researchers/#esr11
Elli Bleeker (Dixit fellow): http://dixit.uni-koeln.de/fellowships/early-stage-researchers/#esr3
We, as editor of interface designers. Elli Bleeker shows a nice demo video (no link for video), with Rimski Korsakov's Sheherazade playing (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=17lEx0ytE_0 ) : in the video we see pieces of paper moving around, a hand writing, deleting, adding text, etc.
Elli Bleeker: their goal with this type of exhibit project is not to do the edition, but to provide the user with an idea of the author writing process and make him/her want to see the Genetic critical edition that will they are working on with Brulez texts.
Inspiration : The touch press-edition of TS Eliot's of Ireland
Brulez's poems, it's a much more confidential corpus : but they want to show the digital exhibit : 3 different parties in colaboration :
- user studies - continue to built on digital principles - we also want to collaborate
Genetic criticism :
analyse the process of the writer - genetic editing them very differnt - could lead to a digital edition but not alsways so - provide an instrument to explore -
DE : to do more critical research - we wanted to show our result, we want to invite the readers to discover the texts :
User Study :
+ tablets for outreach publication
+ 74% respondants used tablets for learning
+ Responsive interface
The interface : very difficult to find a definition. Ours is general :
"The Interface is a point of contact between the user and a set of embodied info"
(Nowviskie http://nowviskie.org/ )
As users, we had Museum visitors and website visitors. Where is the treshold of age, education level for a user?
In the project, 3 main actors :
The center of Manuscript Genetics of the University of Antwerp (https://www.uantwerpen.be/en/rg/centre-for-manuscript-genetics/ )
A local web design company (http://www.prophets.be )
The Letterhuis Museum and Archive (http://www.letterenhuis.be/mdn.net )
We wanted an esthetic design which really promotes the perceived usability.
RFP : we did auditions with serveal design companies // and introduce them to genetic criticism. First they asked 80.000 but went down to 20.000.
Balance btwn the full research project and a way to make it interesting for the audience : necessity to explain to the web designer compagnies what we were doing with the Brulez's Texts, and our scientific goals... And make this presentation as clear as possible.
Obviously, we had to prioritize our objectives for clarity and financial reasons.
They had a grant but they want to share the code for the webinterface on GitHub, for future inhouse possible developments. It will be possible to reuse the design. giving back to the community.
Not only we had to find aspects that can be intersting for the readers, but we learn to explain better our project.
Next steps :
did it work?
user testing
refinment / maketing of the exhibition
on twitter : @oadhankelly and @ellibleeker
transcription phase !
Questions :
1) How did designers understood your work on critical genetics?
Elli Bleeker: very well, very fast actually
2) To what extent public learn about critical editing? Is it on of your goal?
Elli Bleeker: Not to teach that, but to show , illustrate the process of writting, see how it's fascinating.
3) Who should really do this work? The museum? the archive? or the researchers?
Elli Bleeker: Either !
h3. 14.30 Hans Walter Gabler, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, and Joshua Schäuble, University of Passau
Visualising processes of text composition and revision across document borders
I will present a Satelite project on Virginia Woolf's journals draft manuscripts.
Digital collation of editorial control + academic control of Virginia Woolf's journals draft manuscripts
Underlying datastructure depends on DE / Data Processing operation (collate / markup)
Transcribe > markup > preocess analysis
Apparatus different from metadata | Visualisation / collation/analysis
=> textual development tranformation from writting to typing
Diachronic slider :
you can select a zone in one of the witnesses, and it appears in a separated box , with a browsing possibility btw witnesses (MS1 - MS2 - MS3, etc.)
questions :
1) Could we have a look at your markup? Very document oriented
Answer: They use the Guideline // leave the data markup
2) Several people say they love the fact that you can selection a part of the text and see all the variants of this selection
question I asked during the break: are your using exist DB? Answer: Yes
h2. Session 3: Visualisation, Typography and Design II
h3. 17.00 Piotr Michura, Academy of Fine Arts in Krakow
Typography as interface – typographic design of text visualization for Digital Scholarly Editions
A very clear and interesting presentation by Piotr Michura. His presentation gave his insight and many references on reading, digital reading, hyper reading, radial reading, distant reading, close reading, learning assistance, emotional responses, engagement tools, etc. I really loved it. It is on of the presentation I will really go back to and actually use for the projects I'm working on. Here are the content of Piotr Michura presentation :
His page for the event : http://www.shanemcgarry.com/bridging-gap-presentation-graz/
His slides : https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/12555ma-v658HBNjDQNzRlOr6HhjNYv9QgvMLq5oZvh8/edit#slide=id.g35f391192_00
His Talk : https://www.academia.edu/28681735/Bridging_the_Gap_Exploring_Interaction_Metaphors_That_Facilitate_Alternative_Reading_Modalities_in_Digital_Scholarly_Editions
h2. Keynote
h3. 18.00 Stan Ruecker, IIT Institute of Design
Task-Based Design for Digital Scholarly Editions
Bridging the gap, Stan Ruecker wants to exploring interaction metaphors that facilitate alternative residing modalities of provided SE.
What are the tasks for designing DSE. We do researching design
Stan Ruecker is part of a group implementing new knowledge environments : see INKE http://inke.ca/projects/chicago-conference-2014/
https://www.id.iit.edu/people/stan-ruecker/
Our goals :
- review digital scholarly editing insights
- consider experience of Readers
Are we always talking about page design?
What is Reading?
Stan Ruecker shows us different projects/publication/communication from INKE members :
Susan Brown - Remediating the editor (2015)
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1179/0308018814Z.000000000106
Luciano Frizzera et al. Designing for MultiTouch Surfaces as Social Reading Environments (2013)
http://inke.ca/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/INKE-Abstract-for-DH2013.pdf
See also Luciano Frizzera on this Multitouch Variorum video : https://vimeo.com/91530996
annotate, comment, display comment, etc.
transparent sheets, etc.
Mihale Ilovan et al (2011). CiteLens (Master design project) See on Vimeo
https://vimeo.com/91534798
Dynamic table of contexts – Stan Ruecker et al. 2014 :
https://www.id.iit.edu/artifacts/the-dynamic-table-of-contexts-user-experience-and-future-directions/
List of advices :
- visualisation as experience
- perceptibility
- pre-knowledge
- comprehension
- utility
- interpretation
- engagement
- outcome
- purpose
Stan Ruecker shows us another project by Tomoko Ichikawa (2015)
https://www.id.iit.edu/people/tomoko-ichikawa/
In a timeline : Entice = enter, engage, exit, extend
====> ====> ===> ===> ===> ===>
He then moves on to another project where they work their design with wood hexagons. He explains that time doesn’t really exist without event: if there is no event, there is no time to remember.
The hexagons wood pieces are events, and we can assemble them like tools representing time. Some events are really important (big pieces) to the person who is remembering the events, some a bit less (small pieces).
It’s the same thing with critical genetic editions: we have a combination of events.
The materiality of the wood pieces reminds us of the dependencies between events: a piece cannot stand above, if there is no pieces (events) bellow.
He presents another project: a theatre show represented in a 3D set by Jennifer Roberts-Smith et al. (2015). We can see schematic persons, direction (nose, arrows), move them around according to the stage informations.
Another project: Sue LePage design for Judith Thompson White biting dog (2011)
Too skeuomorphic? maybe not
--
Samedi
h2. Session 4 How to program the Interface
Chair woman : Martina Bürgermeister, Univ Graz
Welcome - topic : how to programm interface , we will hear about technical stuff, technical point view on interface
h3. 9.00 Hugh Cayless, Duke University Libraries
Critical Editions and the Data Model as Interface
Welcome to the nerdsession here are my slides, my talk, and my DSE :
Slides : https://goo.gl/q7kbY0
Text: https://goo.gl/te3HwK
DSE : https://goo.gl/iBYXFt
h3. 9.30 Chiara Di Pietro, University of Pisa, and Roberto Rosselli Del Turco, University of Turin
Between innovation and conservation: the narrow path of UI design for the Digital Scholarly Edition
Assistant professor , assistant prof of DH in Pisa lead developper EVT
Chiara Di Pietro - This the main developper of EVT and Software developper in a cie - DH master degree at the university of Pisa
Here are the slides of the presentation : https://sourceforge.net/projects/evt-project/files/slidesGraz2016.pdf/download
UI issues -
EVT publication tool for XML TEI
Specific project : they work on the Vercelli project)
After EVT 1, all written in XSLT, we wanted to add new feature requested form other projects. And it was a natural evolution path to add support for critical editions.
2 problems:
- pb n° 1 : underlying framework less expandable and flexible that we thought
- pb n°2 : the UI had to be re designed
But before doing the UI redesign we did a thorough state of the art survey
Preparation phase: with the 1rst generation softwares you recognize immediately the layout, because there is a certain conservatism in first DSEs.
We had to experiment new UI paradigms because innovation and experimentation are positive and necessary, but also to entail problems we have with current DSE's
Was the initial conservatism completely negative?
See diaps for details on the UI choices : https://sourceforge.net/projects/evt-project/files/slidesGraz2016.pdf/download
Another intersting new feature, the Direct bookmark:
The user can share a particular view of a element in the edition and make a direct url reference to this element aligned in all the selected variants.
For instance : http://evt.labcd.unipi.it/test/evt-2-alpha/#/collation?d=doc_1&p=A-1r&e=critical&ws=A@2r,B@3r&app=text-body-div-div-p-app7
They reach a reasonable compromise: sometimes intuitive really means familiar
Here are the future developments for EVT2, they’re thinking about:
- traditional critical apparatus layout as an option
- porting of EVT 1 features into EVT2
- connecting all variant readings to the corresponding images : reliability as you can see for yourself
Questions from the public:
1) Why AngularJS?
Chiara di Pietro and Roberto Rosselli del Turco: to separate the content from visualization
2) Are the 2 softwares all open source softwares?
Chiara di Pietro and Roberto Rosselli del Turco: Yes, EVT1 and the ready version of EVT2 on sourceforge… And the dev version of EVT2 on Github.
3) Question on the javascript transformation from the TEI XML:
Chiara di Pietro and Roberto Rosselli del Turco: the javascript parsing takes all the data and reorganize them in a Jason format. The parsing allows to retrieve the data, the collation, etc. The parsing is done not only once because not everything is parsed at the same time. Mainly we parse the elements we need for our project, but if you can start adapting it to your own project. First by modifying the CSS, then by modifying the elements parsing.
10.00 Jeffrey C. Witt, Loyola University Maryland
Digital Scholarly Editions as API Consuming Applications
His slides : http://lombardpress.org/slides/2016-09-24-graz-dixit-conference/#/
Data Display (Interface) Redundancy (use down arrows to display diaps on this) : http://lombardpress.org/slides/2016-09-24-graz-dixit-conference/#/2
Our Data (use down arrows): http://lombardpress.org/slides/2016-09-24-graz-dixit-conference/#/3
Our Data Model and API: http://lombardpress.org/slides/2016-09-24-graz-dixit-conference/#/4
Critical Corpus Database Visualization: http://lombardpress.org/slides/2016-09-24-graz-dixit-conference/#/5
Building common libraries for common tasks: http://lombardpress.org/slides/2016-09-24-graz-dixit-conference/#/6
LombardPress Interface Display: http://lombardpress.org/slides/2016-09-24-graz-dixit-conference/#/7
Mirador IIIF Image Interface: http://lombardpress.org/slides/2016-09-24-graz-dixit-conference/#/8
Lbp Print Interface: http://lombardpress.org/slides/2016-09-24-graz-dixit-conference/#/9
Readings: http://lombardpress.org/slides/2016-09-24-graz-dixit-conference/#/10
h2. Session 5: Theoretical implications
h3. 11.30 Peter Robinson, University of Saskatchewan
Why Interfaces Do Not and Should Not Matter for Scholarly Digital Editions
http://dsh.oxfordjournals.org/content/digitalsh/early/2016/09/16/llc.fqw020.full.pdf?ijkey=Ug9lRjHglhPGzVG&keytype=ref
Somthing to read
Twitter #DSEasInterface feed his presentation
If everyone believe in something, it should be wrong :
DSE as Interface : they may be many things, but you cannot mix the DSE and the Interface
The Bayeux ...
Commedia
The order of bad choices :
Get the grant
Get the application right
Reach the widest possible audience
Have the best possible interface
Make the data available to others
Get the data right
A SE : is one where shcolarly attention has been paid to every word (approved by an editor): It's the DATA
Data over Interface, was a very courageous statement to make here in front of this audience by Dot Porter. But it has too often be Interface OVER data. Here are 2 examples :
Example 1 : The Guidelines for Editors of SE (MLA):
Before 2011 in their statement the first point was Accuracy
Today : minimal conditions that must be satisfied, the methods, reuses, technologies, but nothing anymore on ACCURACY !
Example 2 : The Shakespeare Quatuors (he made a lfull account of what is wrong in this edition : thousand of errors. Peter Robinson says it's probably because of subcontract transcriptions made in the Philipines.
We put an excessive concentration on the interface:
to please grant funders
for the fetishization of the document
Manuscripts, books, are fetishized but not the object of SE anymore. It is not right to edit a photographical reproduction of a manuscript facsimile, with the adds exactly in the same place on the page (above, top, etc.)... We are not doign artistic edition. We are giving information.
ex: Che throno \ introno / etc.
The TEI below will enable us to make interesting traitements: result of doing collations (rdg) - mart-orig=aldus 1515 / etc
What is the most important about the SE: the information / knowledge it gives you about a text.
<app>
<rdg>ntrono
<rdg> trono
<rdg> ntrono
</app>
My interface is your enemy
What should be important :
Get the data right
Make the data available to others
Have the best possible interface / don't make it yourself, let the other do it or make money with it (publishers)
Get the grant application right
Reach the widest possible audience
Clay Shirkey : "Design for Generosity"
Images, transcripts, collation made avalable free to all without restriction
A valid model of texts, documents and works
Free to all means Free to all
Jerome McGann: In the next 50 years we will have to re-edit everything :
Question : n° 2 shouldn't it be number 1 ("Data should be made Available to all") before starting to work on it (and "make the data right")
Question Joshua : get the data right // very lake
Different interface for different data : TEI : to make it right
the interface for publishing / visualisation
can be an attempt to research (tree, etc.) : research tools // My reaction about interface is when it just display without teaching the researcher anythng.
h3. 12.00 Tara Andrews, University of Vienna, and Joris van Zundert, Huygens Institute for the History of The Netherlands
What Are You Trying to Say? The Interface as an Integral Element of Argument
The prezi presentation : https://prezi.com/ig9hh35z2ocl/what-are-you-trying-to-say/
The text of the presentation : see second diap of the prezi presentation : https://prezi.com/ig9hh35z2ocl/what-are-you-trying-to-say/
Federicao Caria (La Sapienza) & Brigitte Mathiak (Cologne University)
Evaluating digital scholarly editions : a focus group
Brigitte M. : specialized in text mining
Frederico C. : design - classics, museum http://dixit.uni-koeln.de/fellowships/early-stage-researchers/#esr12
http://digilab.uniroma1.it/
An hybrid focus for the evaluatinon of DSE on the User: Nobody said who it was... And what the user actually want to see ?
In Dixit, our study is ready to be published, about people, testimony, etc.
If people use the DSE, who are they?
Focus group elements: actually it's really cheap to make people test your Interfaces. It cost us only coffee pots.
And then you need to study the user reaction in front of the screen:
behavioural eyetracking
clickstream analyseis
A/B testing
usability benchmarking
moderated remote usability strudies
usabilities
etc.
--- Extended usability quality of use :
task goals
User < intercation / task > interface
Task > effectivement > satistafaction > efficiency
We used 3 competitor DSE for our analysis :
Patrick's Confessio: http://www.confessio.ie/#
Walden. Fluid text Edition: http://digitalthoreau.org/fluid-text-toc/
E. Dickinson Archive: http://www.edickinson.org/
You should find the five scholarly activities and their primitives for your DSE... See indicative list:
direct searching
note taking
writing
scanning
comparing
assembling
collaborating
disseminating
assessing
organizing
browsing
data practices
coordinating
collecting
acessing
consulting
monitoring
searching
reading
tranlating
...
We distributed a satisfaction questionnaire to compare the 3 DSE:
Walden. Fluid text Edition: http://digitalthoreau.org/fluid-text-toc/ gained the higher score.
With the Walden DSE, at least they could browse through an table of chapters, and then compare variants of each chapter. While you're comparing 2 variants, you always know were you are thanks to the left information panel. It was considered more effectiveness, more comprehensive... Note that it was the only one without facimile - but it was found more usefull than the 2 others by the users... who could actually do something with it.
With the other 2 DSE, they got lost, were frustrated, couldn't do anything with them... and found them useless
Video Demo of a user of the Patrick's Confessio: he has a list of task to accomplish on the DSE (open this, find that), ... but is completly lost on the page (we see the arrow turning around, searching everywhere...
Charles Harpur Critical Archive
http://charles-harpur.org
Session 6: User oriented approaches I
h3. 14.30 Ginestra Ferraro, King's College London, and Anna Maria Sichani, Huygens ING
Design as part of the plan: sustainability in digital editing projects
Ginestra Ferraro (UI/UX Developer at King's College): http://www.kcl.ac.uk/artshums/digitallab/Team/ferraro/index.aspx
Anna-Maria Sichani (Dixit fellow): http://dixit.uni-koeln.de/fellowships/early-stage-researchers/#esr10
@ginez_17
@kingsdigitallab
The science had to catch up with the web as technology and design evolve very fast... And frankly, the DSE's I usually see look really updated.
We are stuffing content in a box that doesn't fit. Maybe we should build a new wrapper around the content and this time, it has to last longer. It needs to be flexible and thus vailable.
A diagramm on Time vs features vs quality vs cost
They use an AGILE methodoly for their development.
Suggest to a real life project : try to built a framework with more flexibility
We are not negociating the quality, it's the center of both models.
AGILE :
An iterative methodology that supports a flexible approch to dev
Assigning different proiorities to tasks
Faults are discovered and fixed in the pocess
The final product is functional because
Agile in a nutshell
iterative / incremental design
willingness to texplore and adapt
responding to change
face 2 face collaboration
valuable product
Moscow approach
Must
Shoul
Couls
Won't do this time
How does it look in an actual project?
=> Labels : on category of tasks (tello : https://trello.com/ for project management
What does it have to do with DSE project?
the main thing : an iterative workflow - flexible process
prioritise the task (instead of TODO)
a dynamic
and KEEP DOCUMENTING
KDL's workflow
also applicable to DSE projects
PRE-PROJECT
Content design / Information architecture
content is king, so let's build around it
how a database struture looks like
not particularly friendly
move towards Human friendly
get the conversation started qickly
don't design, sketch
get feedbak
move on to the next step
what does design do for you?
get you content accross
TEXT vs Visual
there is nothing wrong with both of them
choose what delivers to your audience etc.
Search a body of work : before/and new version of OCVE online chopin variorum edition
http://www.chopinonline.ac.uk/ocve/
The challenges for us were:
find a commom language
embrace the agile philosophy from the start
keep the communiation channel open all the time
include design early in the process
Questions from the audience:
1) Amasing how the scholars adapt to your way of managing the project
We started only one year ago, we learn as we went (part of the iteration process) - Convincing other scholars in the project was difficult at the beginning, but when they saw we were making things better, they started to collaborate.
2) The editor can be the designer, or should there be a designer in the lab?
h3. 15.10 Jan Erik Stange, University of Applied Sciences Potsdam
How close can we get to the reader? Co-creation as a valid approach to developing interfaces for scholarly editions?
Jan Erik Stange : https://uclab.fh-potsdam.de/people/jan-erik-stange/
I should be one of the 2 designers here in the symposium ;)
Co-creation : is an approach to design that's why we work mainly with workshops, which is a way of getting close to the reader and to other people in the project
A few words about Digital Humanities in general, and then I will talk about co-creation.
Digital Humanities :
- usually DH projects were based on a collabotation between humanities shcolars and computer scientists
- real interdisciplinary cooperation is rarely working
- the designer can be an interface between the 2
I usually work around a user-center design, with an iterative design process
shortcomings of UCD
new Digital methods might help ansewring entirely new research questions - how do we identifiy research questions that are truly valuable to the user?
it is not alwways clear, what might be potentieal user groups for a paricular editon or collection
Cp-creation
design process that has been applieyed in the buisness contaxt
active involvment of all stakholders in the design nand develoment process of a project
stakeholders are seen as experts of their own experience
collaborative creation of concepts with a multitude
Common structure
inspirational input related work
ideation session ans clustering
one or several creative tacks based on generated ideas ans own experience of partipants
Wrap-up and discussion
Workshop 1 : lekturen, letures, readings
objectives workshlp for a reserach proposal in collaboration with leterary scholars of the humbold Univ berlin that had the goal to create new digital interfaces to the recenly ...
Qualitative data questions, quantitative data questions, etc.
result : we identified reading visualisation and text as a promissing topic for our research in design
2nd workshop : VIKUS PAST VISIONS
Cultural sensitivity important in this workshop design
Other project (nothing to do with DSE) we looked at DDB that had founding programm and we interviewed users of this DDB : question about wokflows
in the next face, the scenarii were given to different group, who developped diferent scenario / interfaces !
Important :
4 intrface ideas were produced in the workshop that helped us to identifiy impottant requirements for the design process
Summerize :
take away inhibition of participants
define a precise questoin to be answered by the workshop
be ready to improvise, if you realize the workshop concept doesn't work
workshop is only one part of the whole process
provide inspirational input at the bebining of the workshopUse
Q° 1 : what is an inspirational input (distant, or close to the task ?)
most of our material are DSE ?
Q° 2 : the designers as an interface btwn humanist and digital
some Digital humanist see themselves that way .
are Digital humanist are designer? they sometimes don't get as close to they goal they should do !
Q° 2 : 2 line of mediation :
1rst mediation : DHumanist : data models
2nd mediation : DHumanist can communicated with the designer
Christina M. Steiner, Alexander Nussbaumer, Eva-C. Hillemann and Dietrich Albert, Graz University of Technology
User Interface Design and Evaluation in the Context of Digital Humanities and Decision Support Systems
Overview collections the collections
1641 Depositions historical background
fight against english settelements
TCD library : depositions
IPSA collection
Cultura Project
Linguistic pipeline
evaluation phases
requirements analysis : supporting desing
formative evaluation : detecting pb
Evluation process :
planning
carrying out
working with results
be consistent on the visual language for info visualisation
be clear sabout focal points
be clear on the ???
Use different visualisation techniques
use multiple views
ise differnt levels of details
provide info on unvertainty
FAVVES
h2. Session 7: User oriented approaches II
h3. 16.30 Stefan Dumont, Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften
“Correspondances” – Digital Scholarly Editions of Letters as Interfaces
Consequence for SE of Letters
scholar often read editions of letters very selective
Graphical interface :
Access PArt
the Faceted PArt
indexes of ersonn
comeback of topics as a starting point and indexes
Darwin correspondance porject
Alfred edcer project
Access : within
Carl MAria vn Weber an caroline brnadt in prag
Materiality providing facsimiles to explore aspects of a letter
Vincent Van gogh
varied scholarly edition
one part of the correspondence is already edited in printed form, but not the other par : What to do??
No new transcription of letters - schlefel
Commentary :
index entries serve as commentary
as you can see in the
BEACON
CMIF
TEI-XML
RDF
http://www.weber-gesamtausgabe.de/A041461
Shift from the reader to the user
Frederike question : 2 observations Digital edition of letters
materiality receive more attention than in print editions : margins, and so on, and I'm wondering if it is really necessary: For those letters, the paper was expensive : the line breaks are here because of economic reasons = it has no sense to reproduce it in TEI. The aspect of material are not given as much attention : spots on the page? drop of ink : should those aspect be descibed ? The materiality : is also in last 15 years of printed edition and exhibits
=> the most of the q° : facsimle : you can code some features, but not always usefull, it cannont reconstruct the page.
Other observation : index as commentary of the edition (usefulness for the user). Sometimes is not really helpfull for the user : like to tell "who is someone" is not so relevant. Give a biography is not so relevant... For me what is really interesting should be the relationship between the 2 persons who are writing to each other
Q° : ok for the relationship : one of the reason that it is not done is the data model : that is what is done by other project (link, rdf)
System of exchange : simuation of post-mail
Somedy from the audience answer to Frederike : "Do not mistake the purpose of the authority file that are for machines, not humans ! "
h3. 17.00 James R. Griffin III, Lafayette College
Encoding and Designing for the Swift Poems Project
James R. Griffin the 3rd
Primary designer of the ... Jonathan Swifth Poems Project
how they integrated the project
Envlove in the project : an
importance of the UI
2 researchers :
James Woolley
Stephen
Woolley and Karian seel to archive poems attributed to J. Sw.
beginning in 1987 : this has involved
identifiying and cataloging Primary Sources
Transcription
The libraries at Lafayette :
in 2009 : consuted with the libraries for assistance with the project
Visual resource curator (Paul Miller) developped a set of Microsoft access DBB
In 2012 : the NEH awarded a SE Grant fot the projet
James R G. III joined the project then
Identiifying the source : 6500 manuspcrits (identified and cataloged)
a lot a protected by copyright
Catalogin the sources :
bibliographic metadata
Transcribing the primary source
not TEI
Nota BENE encoding
Nota bene collation
in mode code (source code) in a terminal
Backslashes \
Accessing the nota bene encoding comes with challenges
(3.0 in 1988 !)
accessing NB would require a virtualiszed environment of Miscrosoft from 1988
So we have to encode in TEI
An API ruby usign Nokogiri was developped to support this transformation
Viewing the TEI XML ws of limited value
research techniques
XSLT
styled HTML5 using bootstrap serves as a minimum viable product
Viewing the encoded text
Enrich the encoded transcript
limits : are obvious :
reserachers are not encoding
the developper for the ruby API is not a litterary scholar
How can this encoding be made collaborative?
Enriching the encoded transcripts
- collaborative the encoded and quality control
Textual criticism is stil not enabled by this approach
Collation within a Digital SE
a coolation interface was scoped for the digital edition
collation features could be extended
experimental feature can be introduced
extended UI fetures usign javascript frameworks
the DE is cureent imp
solution such as Angular JS and REACT reduice UI to a set of modular components tey also resquire a RESTFUL API
preservation : ingestion of the critically edited reading texts int he TEI XML
Lafayette College Libraries is a member of the Project Hydra community
migration for other systems (Islandora and DSpace) is underway
modelling TEI ressouces in Hydra ...
endora // interface in javascript / or oxygen for TEI encoding by reserchers
yamo or JASON
I can see how JSON could be the new XML
Final talk :
h3. 17.30 Wout Dillen, University of Borås
The Editor in the Interface. Guiding the User through Texts and Images
Wout Dillen (Dixit fellow): http://dixit.uni-koeln.de/fellowships/experienced-researchers/#er1
Digital scholarly editing
The editor as guide !
a SE is inteded to fulfil 2 contradictory user demands
A. the clear economical selective guiding through the textual mass in such a way that the user can benefit from the editor's insights and competent judgement
B. the broadest possible presentation of the textuel material, enabling the user to choose different paths and variants than has the editor
Print SE's
On aime pas voir nos edition comme des labyrinthes
Plutôt voir ça comme Dante Comedy
Dante est perdu dans la fore
Chi per lungo silenzio parea fioco
editor should be silenced enough to let the user use the interface
and eloquent enought to mke him go on
Interface Friends or Foes ?
Robinson 2003 Where we are with electronic SE...
the primary target are audience //
some degree of familiarity of the type of DSE
Interfaces : Friends or Foes (friends)
The editor is already stealing the user interpretation in the DSE
source text paratext
That's enough theory :
see the www.becketarchive.org
stop distracting the user by givng all the interpretation, and give a simpler version of the text :
Don't forget COLLATEX
as designer we are not just developpers of these interfaces, but also users !
DATA over interface ,
it'is really by developping better Interface that we manage a better attention to DATA , and by interacting with people , we learn a lot
learn process visualize learn process etc. (Richard Hadden, yesterday)